Category: R

Part 1: What is an Array? An array is a multi-dimensional data structure where all elements must be of the same type (like matrices). It’s essentially a generalization of matrices to any number of dimensions. Key...

Part 1: What is a Matrix? A matrix is a two-dimensional rectangular data structure where all elements must be of the same type (all numbers, all characters, all logical values, etc.). It has rows and columns,...

Part 1: What is a List? A list is a vector that can contain elements of different types and different lengths. Each element of a list can be any R object – vectors, matrices, data frames,...

Part 1: What is a Vector? A vector is a basic data structure in R that contains elements of the same type. The most important characteristic of a vector is that all elements must be the same...

Data Structures. Think of data structures as different types of containers, each designed to hold and organize data in specific ways. Just as you wouldn’t store soup in a colander or carry groceries in...

Part 1: What are Global Variables? Global variables are variables that are defined outside of any function and are accessible from anywhere in your R environment – including inside functions, loops, and other structures. The...

Part 1: What is Recursion? Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a problem by breaking it down into smaller instances of the same problem. The Two Essential Parts of...

Part 1: What Are Nested Functions? A nested function is simply a function defined inside another function. The inner function is only visible and accessible within the outer function, creating a private workspace that can’t be...

Part 1: What is a Function? A function is a self-contained block of code that performs a specific task. It can take inputs (called arguments), process them, and return an output. Why Use Functions? Reusability: Write once,...

Part 1: What Are Nested Loops? A nested loop is simply a loop inside another loop. For each iteration of the outer loop, the inner loop runs completely from start to finish. The Basic Structure r...