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Part 1: What Are Arithmetic Operators? Arithmetic operators are symbols used in programming to perform common mathematical operations on numeric values (operands). They take one or two numbers, perform a specific calculation, and return a...

Part 1: What Are Assignment Operators? At its core, an assignment operator is used to assign a value to a variable. The most basic one is the humble equals sign =, but the family includes many useful...

Part 1: What Are Comparison Operators? Comparison operators, also known as relational operators, are used to compare two values. The result of a comparison is always a boolean value: either True or False (in Python; other languages might use true/false or 1/0). This boolean...

Part 1: What Are Logical Operators? Logical operators are used to combine or invert boolean values (True or False). They take one or more boolean expressions as input and produce a single boolean value as output. They...

Part 1: What Are Bits and Why Should You Care? Before we talk about the operators, we need to understand what they operate on: bits. A bit is the most basic unit of information in computing. It...

Part 1: What Are Comments? Comments are pieces of text in your source code that are completely ignored by the compiler or interpreter. They are written for human readers, not for the machine. Their purpose...

 Input and Output Think of a program as a magical box. It’s useless if it just sits there. To be useful, it needs to receive information from the outside world (Input), process it in...

Part 1: What is a Bit? A bit (short for binary digit) is the most basic unit of information in computing. It can only have one of two possible values: 0 or 1. Think of a bit like a simple...

Part 1: What Are Binary Numbers? Binary numbers are numbers expressed in the base-2 numeral system. Unlike our everyday decimal system (base-10), which uses ten digits (0-9), binary uses only two digits: 0 and 1. Why only two...

Part 1: What Are Hexadecimal Numbers? Hexadecimal (often called “hex”) is a base-16 number system. Unlike our familiar decimal system (base-10) which uses ten digits (0-9), hexadecimal uses sixteen symbols: Digits 0-9 represent values 0 through 9 Letters A-F represent values...